Introduction to Biotechnology (PTT 104/2)

BIOTECHNOLOGY, AN ENABLING TECHNOLOGY, IS THE GROWING AND MOST RAPIDLY CHANGING SUBJECT WHICH HAS CREATED A NUMBER OF NEW OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE UPLIFTMENT OF HUMAN SOCIETY. IT HAS A BROAD APPLICATIONS IN MANY DIVERSE ASPECTS OF BASIC RESEARCH, INDUSTRY, AND COMMERCE. IT IS A BROAD FIELD THAT EMPLOYS AN INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY BASED ON THE BIOLOGICAL SYNTHESIS OF IMPORTANT CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS, ESPECIALLY PROTEINS (INSULIN), GENETIC ENGINEERING OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS, AND OTHER, RELATED TECHNOLOGIES. IT ALSO MANIPULATES THE GENETIC INFORMATION OF AN ORGANISM TO ALLOW THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THAT ORGANISM. THE BASIC PROCESS CONSISTS OF INSERTING FOREIGN DNA CARRYING INSTRUCTIONS FOR A VALUABLE ENZYME, HORMONE, OR OTHER PROTEIN INTO THE DNA OF SOME OTHER ORGANISM SO THAT THE HOST ORGANISM MAKES THE DESIRED PRODUCTS AT THE SAME TIME AS IT MAKES ITS OWN PROTEINS. WITH INCREASING KNOWLEDGE OF THE CONTROL OF GENE ACTIVITY, AS WELL AS NEW METHODS TO INSERT GENES INTO EUKARYOTIC CELLS, IT IS POSSIBLE TO GENETICALLY TRANSFORM THE COMPLEX ORGANISMS. GENETIC INFORMATION HAS BEEN ESPECIALLY SUCCESSFUL IN AGRICULTURE, AND IN BEGINNING AT HUMAN GENE THERAPY HAS BEEN MADE. SOME OBSERVERS FEEL THAT BIOTECHNOLOGY PROMISES A REVOLUTION BEYOND THE SCALE OF THAT GENERATED BY THE COMPUTER. CERTAINLY, THE POTENTIAL SEEMS UNLIMITED.

This book examines the competitive conditions affecting certain industries that are developing and adopting new industrial biotechnology (IB) processes and products. IB was defined for purposes of this study as the manufacture of liquid fuel and chemical products using enzymes, micro-organisms, or renewable resources. The book focuses on U.S. liquid biofuel producers and firms in the U.S. chemical industry. The application of IB can improve the efficiency of the industries and lead to the development of new products. The book provides an understanding of the current impact of IB on the U.S. economy.

Volume 10: Environmental Biotechnology in the Handbook of Environmental Engineering series presents the theories and principles of various environmental biotechnologies. This outstanding collection of science information is designed as a basic Environmental Biotechnology textbook as well as a reference book for scientists, researchers, educators, and engineers. The book s expert panel of authors provides an introduction at a wide range of topics, including sanitary microbiology, microbial systematics, ecology, microbial metabolism, life support systems, solid-state processes and reactors, value-added biotechnology products, anaerobic processes, membrane bioreactors, space life support systems, biospherics, natural environmental systems, aerobic and anoxic biotechnologies, sequencing batch reactors, and flotation biological systems. Volume 10: Environmental Biotechnology and its sister book Volume 11: Environmental Bioengineering are indispensable as both basic biotechnology textbooks and comprehensive reference books for all environmentalists. Another gold-standard addition to The Humana Press series, Volume 10: Environmental Biotechnology gives readers a cutting-edge illustration of the theories and principles of biotechnologies, systems, processes, and methodologies. Coverage of basic and advanced environmental biotechnologies, systems, methodologies, and processes. Emphasis on detailed descriptions, introductions, theories, principles, classifications, and mechanisms of microbiology, ecology, life support systems, and biological processes. Reference of practical use to scientists, researchers, educators and engineers. Contents Environmental biotechnology, microbiology, microbial systematics, ecology, metabolism, life support systems, solid-state processes andreactors, value-added biotechnology products, anaerobic suspended biological processes, membrane bioreactors, closed ecological systems, space life support systems, biospherics, natural environmental biotechnologies, aerobic processes, anoxic processes, suspended-growth processed, attached-growth processes, and flotation biological systems.

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